Bu ädim-ädim gollanma MENA sebitindäki eksportçylara we importçylara, halkara sanksiýalara ýüz tutýanlara niýetlenendir. Bu halkara söwda boýunça täze başlaýanlar üçin zerur bilimleri berýär.
Ädim 1: Import/Export Kontraktynyň Taslamasy
Kontraktyňyza aşakdaky elementleri goşuň:
- Şahsyýetler:Importçyny, eksportçyny we isleg bildirýän aragatnaşykçylary görkezmek.
- Harytlaryň Çemeleşmesi:Harytlary, mukdaryny we hil standartlaryny anyk beýan ediň.
- Ödemek Şertleri:Ödeme usulyny kesgitläň (meselem, Kredi Puly, Bank Göçürmesi).
- Götürme Şertleri:Ulanylmaly Incoterms-e ýüz tutuň (meselem, FOB, CIF, DDP).
- Küçülik Majeure Şartnamasy:Görülmedik wakalar üçin şertleri goşuň.
Ädim 2: Kontrakt Şahsyýetlerini Tassyklamak
Ykdysadyýetiň ygtybarlylygyny üpjün etmek üçin halkara iň gowy tejribeleri ýerine ýetiriň:
- Talap etSöwda Palatasy Şahadatnamasyny, garşy taraptan.
- OlaryňSöwda Ruhsatyny, kompaniýa hasaba alynmak maglumatlaryny barlaň.
- , global maglumat bazalaryny ulanyň, Dun & Bradstreet, ýa-da, Exporters. sg, ygtybarlylygy tassyklamak üçin.
- , üçünji tarap gözegçilik ediş guramasyny işjeňleşdiriň.
Step 3: Guaranteeing and Securing the Contract
Ensure security through the following mechanisms:
- Obtain a Performance Bond from the supplier.
- Use Escrow Accounts for financial transactions.
- Consider Bank Guarantees for additional assurance.
- Include a clause for international arbitration in case of disputes.
Step 4: Transportation Methods in Contracts
Specify transportation details in the contract:
- Land: Trucking or rail for cross-border deliveries.
- Sea: Bulk or container shipping via major ports.
- Air: Fast but costly option for high-value goods.
Step 5: Insurance in Contracts
Include insurance requirements to cover potential risks:
- Cargo Insurance: Covers loss or damage during transit.
- Liability Insurance: Protects against third-party claims.
- Ensure compliance with Incoterms for specifying responsibility.
Step 6: Customs, Taxes, and Charges
Define the responsibility for additional costs:
- Customs Duties: Clarify which party pays the import/export duties.
- VAT and Taxes: Mention any applicable taxes and their responsibility.
- Freight Charges: Specify whether they are prepaid or collect.
Additional Tips for Beginners
Important advice for new exporters and importers:
- Start with small, low-risk transactions to build confidence.
- Learn the basics of Incoterms and how they affect your contract.
- Maintain clear and consistent communication with all parties.
- Consult with legal and trade experts when drafting contracts.